[I wrote this article for ISN Security Watch in October 2008. Despite so much international pressure, the Pentagon had the guts to fly her over to United States from Bagram, hide her children and denying their existence in its custody, and trying her in US court without its jurisdiction. Obama administration seems more trigger happy than his predecessor . . . The United States changing for the worst at least so far . . .] Please read and comment . . .
The mystery surrounding the disappearance,
terror-related detention and trial of a Pakistani female doctor adds
fuel to the fire for an angry public, Naveed Ahmad reports for ISN
Security Watch.
By
Naveed Ahmad
in Islamabad and Karachi
for ISN Security Watch
http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?id=92219&lng=en
Though Pakistani Dr Aafia Siddiqui
allegedly has been held by US forces for over four years, it was only
on 6 July this year that the story came to the world when British
journalist Yvonne Ridley published a report about the "grey lady" in
custody at Afghanistan's Bagram Detention Center.
However, there had been reports of Siddiqui's disappearance earlier in the year.
In April this year, Newsline published a detailed
account of Siddiqui's disappearance along with her three children en
route to the airport. On 2 April 2003, then-interior minister Faisal
Saleh Hayat told local reporters that Siddiqui had been arrested for
her connections with al-Qaida. "You will be astonished to know about
the activities of Dr Aafia," he told reporters at the time.
Moreover, a book of memoirs - Enemy Combatant: My
Imprisonment at Guantanamo, Bagram, and Kandahar - co-authored by
former Gitmo detainee Moazzam Begg with Victoria Brittain mentions
Siddiqui as the "grey lady" at the Bagram prison, known there as
"Prisoner 650."
Though the Pakistani public has expressed outrage
at the story since its initial publication by Newsline in April,
Ridley's story served to further fuel the fires of anti-American
sentiment.
Her story - and that of her children - remains a mystery.
"Prisoner 650" faces a possible life sentence for
allegedly grabbing a US Army officer's M-4 rifle while she was being
detained, shooting at another officer and threatening all seven members
of an Army and FBI team before she was shot and subdued, according to
Ridley's account.
According to the New York Times, Siddiqui was
transferred to New York from Afghanistan on 5 August, where the
authorities say she tried to kill American soldiers who had gone to
interrogate her after she was taken into custody in July. According to
this account, she was taken into custody in July this year, rather than
over four years ago.
According to Newsday, Siddiqui was "originally arrested in Afghanistan
on July 17 and brought to the United States to stand trial on attempted
murder and other charges."
Siddiqui's family in Karachi, however, claims she
went missing on 30 March 2003 with her three children - Mohammad Ahmad
(now 11) Mariam (10), and Suleman (5) - as they left Karachi for the
Pakistani capital, Islamabad. The family claims they were informed of
Siddiqui's detention in Afghanistan in late 2003 by a government
official sympathetic to their cause.
The US denies these claims.
"As the Department of Justice has made clear, Ms.
Siddiqui was not in U.S. custody before she was detained on July 17,
2008," The Washington Post quoted CIA spokesman George Little as
saying. "Any suggestion that the CIA would imprison her children is
wrong and offensive. Had we known where Ms. Siddiqui was prior to her
capture, we would have shared that information with our partners in
this country and overseas. She was a fugitive from American justice."
What we do know for sure is that Siddiqui is being held at the
Metropolitan Detention Center in Brooklyn during her trial. And as to
where two of her missing children may be, that is anyone's guess.
Chain of mysteries
In March 2003, Siddiqui was accused of being a
high-profile al-Qaida operative, who had allegedly supplied precious
gems from Africa to fund the 9/11 attacks. A biographical summary of
terrorism suspects by the US Office of the Director of National
Intelligence described Siddiqui as part of a ring of "al-Qaida
operatives and facilitators," and said she also helped 9/11 suspect
Majid Khan with travel documents.
However, these allegations have not appeared on
the charge-sheet since the hearing started in September this year in
New York; instead Siddiqui is being charged only with firing on US
soldiers and is being pressed about her possession of some maps and
pictures of landmark New York buildings.
Since the start of her trial in New York, the Pakistani government has been seeking the repatriation of Siddiqui and her three children.
US Justice Department documents seen by ISN
Security Watch confirmed that the eldest son, Ahmad, was under the
supervision of US authorities in Afghanistan, but there is no mention
of the other two children. Ahmad has since been returned to Pakistan.
Following tremendous pressure from Pakistan, its civil society and international human rights watchdogs,
Siddiqui's eldest son was flown to Islamabad on 15 September.
Currently, the 11-year-old is receiving counseling and staying with his
aunt, Dr Fowzia Siddiqui.
Terrorist, victim or patient?
More mysteries are being unveiled as the trial
proceeds in the southern district court of New York. The indictment
hearing of Dr Siddiqui in Afghanistan was postponed until 22 September
after she refused to appear before the court in protest against being
strip searched. Her defense counsel and family allege that she was
repeatedly raped in custody.
On 23 September, District Court Judge Richard
Berman entered a plea of not guilty on the defendant's behalf and
ordered a psychiatric evaluation to assess if she was fit to stand
trial. In a letter to US District Judge Richard Berman, US Attorney
Michael Garcia said that there was reason to believe Siddiqui was
suffering from a mental illness.
According to Bernman, a competency hearing will be held on 17 December.
Speaking to ISN Security Watch in Karachi,
Siddiqui's neighbors described her as a very polite and shy woman who
was barely noticeable in gatherings and kept a quiet apartment on the
20th floor of the Back Bay Manor in Roxbury, Boston.
She was
particularly known for her religious activities, such as distributing
copies of the Holy Koran to prisoners and raising funds for Bosnian war
victims. According to Pakistani reports, Siddiqui had lived in the US
for 12 years before her return to Karachi and her disappearance there.
Her husband, Mohammed Amjad Khan, was known for
his extreme religious views and his ambitions to convert people to
Islam. One Boston friend, who requested anonymity, said Amjad never
believed in using weapons or forcefully implementing his views and
belonged to Lahore-based "Tablighi Jama'at," which focuses purifying
the soul through prayers and meditation.
Siddiqui's disappearance followed the arrest of
Khalid Shaikh Mohammed from Pakistan. It is assumed that this key
al-Qaida operative had thrown up her name during interrogation. The FBI
believes that Siddiqui's post-office box was used by Majid Khan. Sharp
argued that his client may have trusted the man out of naivety, terming
the incident "a case of stolen identity."
Iqbal Haider, a Karachi-based lawyer and human
rights activist, believes the case is severely flawed. "How can a
Pakistani national be tried in an American court if she is not a US
citizen and the alleged crime was not committed on US soil?" he tells
ISN Security Watch in Karachi.
Haider also questions the rationale behind the
alleged abduction of Siddiqui's three children by the intelligence
agents. "Are these kids terrorists, sleepers or financers? Nobody is
talking about this," he says.
In the meantime, Dr Fowzia claims she has been
receiving threats during her campaign for Siddiqui's release. "I am
receiving anonymous threatening phone calls . . . I cannot trust
anyone."
War on terror fallout
Fowzia has been assured by the Pakistani foreign
minister, government and opposition that every possible effort is being
made to have her sister extradited to Pakistan along with her children.
Both houses of parliament passed unanimous resolutions to repatriate
Siddiqui.
Though anti-American sentiment in Pakistan
continues to grow, many analysts believe that unlike the cases of other
missing persons handed over to the US by former president General
Pervez Musharraf, the case of Siddiqui and her children may have a
happy ending yet.
Rashid Mafzool Zaka, an expert in security and
foreign affairs, believes that "tremendous pressure by human rights
organizations and media would make Aafia and her children an exception
as the matter is too sensitive even for the American public to ignore
in name of terrorism."
On 11 August, the Washington Post quoted Bruce
Hoffman, a professor of security studies at Georgetown University, as
saying that "the [US] government has realized it is much easier to make
a criminal case than a terrorism case, which involves conspiracy and
sensitive materials." Until recently, Siddiqui might have "disappeared
into the enemy combatant protocols," he was quoted as saying.
In the meantime, while Siddiqui's lawyer and
family members continue to pressure authorities regarding the
whereabouts of the defendant's two remaining children, Washington
continues to deny they are being held in custody.
Pakistani officials also say they have no information on the whereabouts of Siddiqui's two children.
An Afghan embassy spokesman in Islamabad told ISN
Security Watch: "There is no information about these two Pakistani
juveniles in any of our prisons."
Human rights activist Amina Masood Janjua, the
wife of a missing person, says missing people are picked by the
Pakistani intelligence agencies for a few months before being handed
over to the Americans, who keep them either at the Kandahar or Bagram
prisons in Afghanistan before sending some to Gitmo.
Many still believe that Siddiqui has been lucky
to be heard by a federal judge unlike dozens of other quietly
languishing at Guantanamo.
Naveed
Ahmad is ISN Security Watch's senior correspondent in Pakistan and
Afghanistan. Besides reporting for Pakistani TV channel, Geo News and
Germany's DW-TV, he also strings for newspapers in the US and Middle
East.